Ngu???n: Historic figures, BBC
Bi??n d???ch: Tr???n M???n Linh
Richard Nixon (1913-1994) l?? t???ng th???ng th??? 37 c???a Hoa K??? v?? l?? ng?????i duy nh???t t???ng t??? ??????ch???c ??? m???t quy???t ?????nh li??n quan ?????n v??? b?? b???i Watergate. Nhi???m k??? t???ng th???ng c???a ??ng c??n ???????c ????nh d???u b???i s??? ki???n con ng?????i l???n ?????u ti??n ?????t ch??n l??n m???t tr??ng.
Sinh ng??y 09/11/1913 t???i California, Richard Milhous Nixon h???c lu???t v?? sau ???? l??m vi???c cho m???t c??ng ty lu???t ??? M???. N??m 1940, ??ng k???t h??n v???i Patricia Ryan v?? h??? c?? v???i nhau hai con g??i. Trong Th??? chi???n II, Nixon ph???c v??? trong H???i qu??n Hoa K??? ??? Th??i B??nh D????ng. T???i n??m 1946, ??ng ???????c b???u v??o Qu???c h???i v?? ???? gi??nh ???????c m???t gh??? trong Th?????ng vi???n v??o n??m 1950, ?????i di???n cho bang California.
N??m 1952, ??? tu???i 39, Nixon ???????c Dwight Eisenhower l???a ch???n ????? tr??? th??nh b???n ?????ng h??nh c???a ??ng trong chi???n d???ch tranh c??? t???ng th???ng, v?? h??? ???? mang v??? m???t chi???n th???ng vang d???i. V???i t?? c??ch l?? ph?? t???ng th???ng, Nixon th?????ng xuy??n ?????i di???n cho Eisenhower ??? m???t s??? ho???t ?????ng trong v?? ngo??i n?????c. N??m 1956, Nixon v?? Eisenhower t??i ?????c c??? m???t c??ch d??? d??ng.
N??m 1960, Nixon ???????c ????? c??? l??m ???ng vi??n ?????ng C???ng h??a cho v??? tr?? t???ng th???ng, song ??ng ???? thua s??t n??t tr?????c John F Kennedy. ??ng tr??? l???i l??m lu???t s?? cho ?????n n??m 1968, khi Nixon l???n n???a ???????c ?????ng C???ng h??a ????? c??? v?? ???? gi??nh chi???n th???ng ??? cu???c b???u c??? t???ng th???ng n??y.
V???n ????? quan tr???ng nh???t ?????t ra cho Nixon khi ??ng tr??? th??nh t???ng th???ng l?? chi???n tranh ??? Vi???t Nam. ??ng b???t ?????u cho M??? r??t qu??n nh??ng ?????n th??ng 04/1970, Nixon l???i cho ph??p ti???n h??nh m???t cu???c x??m nh???p v??o Campuchia ????? truy ??u???i qu??n ?????i B???c Vi???t. ?????ng th???i, Nixon theo ??u???i ch??nh s??ch c???i thi???n quan h??? v???i Trung Qu???c v?? Li??n X??. N??m 1972, ??ng ???? th??m c??? B???c Kinh v?? Moskva. C??ng n??m, Nixon t??i ?????c c??? m???t c??ch vang d???i v?? t???i th??ng 01/1973, m???t l???nh ng???ng b???n ???? ???????c k?? gi???a Hoa K??? v?? ch??nh quy???n B???c Vi???t Nam.
Trong chi???n d???ch b???u c??? n??m 1972, m???t cu???c ?????t nh???p ???? x???y ra ??? v??n ph??ng c???a ???y ban Qu???c gia ?????ng D??n ch??? t???i khu ph???c h???p Watergate, Washington DC. N??m ng?????i ????n ??ng li??n quan ?????n chi???n d???ch tranh c??? c???a Nixon ???? b??? b???t gi???. B???ng ch???ng v??? v??? che ?????y d???n b??? ph??t hi???n v?? khi???n Nixon b??? li??n l???y. Ng??y 08/08/1974, ??ng tuy??n b??? t??? ch???c sau nhi???u th??ng di???n ra v??? b?? b???i. Ph?? T???ng th???ng Gerald Ford ???? tuy??n th??? nh???m ch???c t???ng th???ng.
Sau khi ngh??? h??u, Nixon ???? ??i t???i nhi???u n??i tr??n th??? gi???i v?? xu???t b???n b???y cu???n s??ch. ??ng qua ?????i v?? ?????t qu??? v??o ng??y 22/04/1994.
Ý kiến bạn đọc
Những tin mới hơn
Những tin cũ hơn
????? Ho??ng ...